In this article you will learn about Indeclinables - Avyay (अव्यय) in sanskrit with list of Avyay which can be used in class 6th to 10th and even for higher classes.
1. धिक् – hatred – Vocative, Accusative
धिक् मूर्ख | (Voc. Sing) – I hate, you fool!
धिक् दुर्जनाः | (Voc. Plu) – I hate, you wicked!
धिक् भ्रष्टाचारम् | (Acc. Sing) – I hate corruption.
2.अभितः/परितः/सर्वतः – around – Accusative
शालाम् अभितः क्रीडाङ्गणम् अस्ति | (Acc. Sing) - There is a playground around the school
गृहं परितः उद्यानम् अस्ति | (Acc. Sing) – There is a garden around the house
उद्यानं सर्वतः वृक्षाः सन्ति | (Acc. Sing) – There are trees all around the garden
3.विना – without – Accusative/Instrumental/Ablative
जलं विना जीवनं व्यर्थम् | (Acc. Sing) – There is no life without water
विद्यया विना किं जीवनम्? (Ins. Sing) – What is life without knowledge?
जलात् विना मत्स्याः न जीवन्ति | (Abl. Sing) – Fishes die without water
4.समम्/सार्धम्/साकम्/सह – with - Instrumental(opposite of विना)
रामेण सह सीता वनम् अगच्छत् | (Ins. Sing) – Seeta went to the forest along with Ram
अहं मित्रेण समं पाठशालां गच्छामि | (Ins. Sing) – I go to the school with my friend
माला रमया सार्धं क्रीडन्ति | (Ins. Sing) – Mala plays with Rama
5.अलम् – enough – Instrumental
अलं चिन्तया | (Ins. Sing) - Do not worry
अलं भयेन | (Ins. Sing) - Do not be afraid
6.अलम् – to be enough/to be capable of – Dative
कृष्णः कंसाय अलम् | (Dat. Sing) - Krishna is capable of killing Kamsa
नकुलः सर्पाय अलम् | (Dat. Sing) – Mongoose is capable of killing the snake
7.नमः – to salute/bow to – Dative
श्रीगणेशाय नमः | (Dat. Sing) – I bow to Shree Ganesh
शिवाय नमः | (Dat. Sing) – I bow to Shiv
शारदायै नमः | (Dat. Sing) – I bow to Sharada
8.स्वस्ति - Wish for wellbeing – Dative
स्वस्ति छात्रेभ्यः | (Dat. Plu) – May all students be well
स्वस्ति जनेभ्यः | (Dat. Plu) – May all people be well
Get Free Sanskrit Learning Videos on Email!
9.बहिः - out – Ablative
जलात् बहिः मत्स्याः न जीवन्ति | (Abl. Sing) – Fishes cannot live outside water
अहं गृहात् बहिः क्रीडामि | (Abl. Sing) – I play outside the house
10. उभयतः – on both the sides – Accusative
नगरम् उभयतः क्षेत्राणि सन्ति | (Acc. Sing) - There are farms on both sides of the city
पाठशालाम् उभयतः मार्गाः सन्ति | (Acc. Sing) – There are roads on both the sides of the school
11.प्रति – to/towards – Accusative
बालकः पाठशालां प्रति गच्छति | (Acc. Sing) – The boy goes to/towards the school
शिक्षकस्य छात्रां प्रति स्नेहः अस्ति | (Acc. Plu) – The teacher has affection towards his students
12. भयम्/भीतिः – to be scared of – Ablative
Note – These words are not indeclinables, but require this specific case only
मम सर्पात् भयं/ भीतिः अस्ति | (Abl. Sing) – I am scared of snakes
मम गणितविषयात् भयं/ भीतिः अस्ति | (Abl. Sing) – I am scared of maths
13. कृते – for/for the sake of – Genitive
बालकस्य कृते माता कन्दुकम् आनयति | (Gen. Sing) – The mother brings a ball for the boy
शिक्षणं जनानां कृते आवश्यकम् | (Gen. Plu) – Education is useful for the people
